TYPE OF LAYOUT

Concept of Layout- There are a number of machines, equipments used in production process. The role, function, speed, efficiency of every machine, equipment is different from each other. The process of arranging all these things by a systematic, scientiic way is called layout.

Types of layout:

1. product layout- It is the irst type of layout. The organisation that produce product y a number of step, they use this type of layout. 

in this layout machines and equipment are arranged in U shape or line shape. so, after completing one step, second step, start and it continues at last step.

Advantage:

1. It supports smooth flow of production.

2. Its material handling process is very effective.

3. Work in progress is very less.

4. It utilise optimim resource like land, machines and so on.

5. Its supervision process is very good.

6. Its production control iis very effective.

Disadvantage:

1. If one machine breakdown the whole  process of  production system stop.

2. It is not flexible layout.

3.  It is not easy to extend production process.

4. It is costly layout.

5. It does not support optimum utilisation of  human resource force.

2. Process layout- It is the second type of layout. The process in which machines,  equipment are arranged in such type of way in which it is used according to predefine production process. This type of production process is called process layout. It is also called functional layout.

In other words we can say that the process in which the production is completed according to demand. So he use of machine, equopment is predefine rules, regulation. This type of layout is called process layout.

Advantage:

1. It is flexible layout.

2. It requires less investment.

3. If one maachine breakdown there is no impact onn their machines.

4. the extension of plant os very easy.

5. It also do optimum utilisation of machines.

Disadvantage:

1. It requires large sppace to install machines.

2. Material handling process is difficult.

3. Supervision process is difficult.

4.It requires more time in production process.

5. It requires skilled labour or human resource force.

3. Fixed position layout- It is also an important type of layout. It is used in 19th century and 20th century. There is no more use of this layout in 21st century production process. The process in which important machines are install at one place and another subsiduiary machine  are bought according to need. This type of layout is called fixed position layout.

Advantage:

1. It is useful in construction sector.

2. It need less capital.

3. It requires material management by an effective way.

4. Its production, planning and controlling is very effective.

5. It utilise skilled labour by a effective way.

Disadvantage:

1. It require a high class of skilled labour.
2. It consume more time in production process.

3. It require more time in production process.